New trends on Optical Access Networks: DBAs for 10G EPON and Long-Reach PON

The access network infrastructure plays an important role in the overall performance of the network, next generation access networks (NGA) must be able to access diverse services, and should incorporate adequate architectures that include mechanisms for the integration of different technologies. New optical access technologies trends are: WDM, 10 Gb/s, and longer reach/higher splits. It is also important to take into account the evolution of the installed legacy PONs to the next generation optical access networks. The present paper goes through such topics, focusing on the research being carried out to develop dynamic bandwidth algorithms for the 10 Gb/s new EPON standard (IEEE 802.3av). We summarize results and point out issues that will require further investigation.Postprint (published version

Next Generation Optical Access Networks: from TDM to WDM

Postprint (author’s final draft

Algoritmo distribuido para la asignación dinámica de recursos en redes EPON

Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

WRF4G: WRF experiment management made simple

his work presents a framework, WRF4G, to manage the experiment workflow of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) modelling system. WRF4G provides a flexible design, execution and monitoring for a general class of scientific experiments. It has been designed with the aim of facilitating the management and reproducibility of complex experiments. Furthermore, the concepts behind the design of this framework can be straightforwardly extended to other modelsThis work has been supported by the Spanish National R&D Plan under projects WRF4G (CGL2011-28864, co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund –ERDF–) and CORWES (CGL2010-22158-C02-01) and the IS-ENES2 project from the 7FP of the European Commission (grant agreement no. 312979). C. Blanco acknowledges financial support 5 from programa de Personal Investigador en Formación Predoctoral from Universidad de Cantabria, co-funded by the regional government of Cantabria. The authors are thankful to the developers of third party software (e.g. GridWay, WRFV3, python and NetCDF), which was intensively used in this work

UBVRIz Light Curves of 51 Type II Supernovae

We present a compilation of UBV RIz light curves of 51 type II supernovae discovered during the course of four different surveys during 1986 to 2003: the Cerro Tololo Supernova Survey, the Calan/Tololo Supernova Program (C&T), the Supernova Optical and Infrared Survey (SOIRS), and the Carnegie Type II Supernova Survey (CATS). The photometry is based on template-subtracted images to eliminate any potential host galaxy light contamination, and calibrated from foreground stars. This work presents these photometric data, studies the color evolution using different bands, and explores the relation between the magnitude at maximum brightness and the brightness decline parameter (s) from maximum light through the end of the recombination phase. This parameter is found to be shallower for redder bands and appears to have the best correlation in the B band. In addition, it also correlates with the plateau duration, being thus shorter (longer) for larger (smaller) s values.Comment: 110 pages, 9 Figures, 6 Tables, accepted in A

A provegetarian food pattern and reduction in total mortality in the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea

[Background]: Vegetarian diets have been associated with reduced mortality. Because a pure vegetarian diet might not easily be embraced by many individuals, consuming preferentially plant-derived foods would be a more easily understood message. A provegetarian food pattern (FP) emphasizing preference for plant-derived foods might reduce all-cause mortality.[Objective]: The objective was to identify the association between an a priori–defined provegetarian FP and all-cause mortality.[Design]: We followed 7216 participants (57% women; mean age: 67 y) at high cardiovascular risk for a median of 4.8 y. A validated 137-item semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire was administered at baseline and yearly thereafter. Fruit, vegetables, nuts, cereals, legumes, olive oil, and potatoes were positively weighted. Added animal fats, eggs, fish, dairy products, and meats or meat products were negatively weighted. Energy-adjusted quintiles were used to assign points to build the provegetarian FP (range: 12–60 points). Deaths were confirmed by review of medical records and the National Death Index.[Results]: There were 323 deaths during the follow-up period (76 from cardiovascular causes, 130 from cancer, 117 for noncancer, noncardiovascular causes). Higher baseline conformity with the provegetarian FP was associated with lower mortality (multivariable-adjusted HR for ≥40 compared with <30 points: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.88). Similar results were found with the use of updated information on diet (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.89).[Conclusions]: Among omnivorous subjects at high cardiovascular risk, better conformity with an FP that emphasized plant-derived foods was associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN35739639

Dietary intake of phylloquinone is related to a reduced risk of all-cause mortality: the predimed study

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el 20th International Congress of Nutrition, celebrado en Granada (España) del 15 al 20 de septiembre de 2013.[Background and objectives]: Vitamin K has been associated with a reduced risk of CHD and fatal cancer. Dietary menaquinones intake has been associated with cancer mortality. However, the association between the dietary intake of vitamin K and all-cause mortality has not been evaluated in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.[Methods]: A prospective analysis was conducted in 7216 participants in the framework of the PREDIMED cohort (median follow-up: 4.8y). Energy and nutrient intakes were evaluated using a previously validated 137-item food frequency questionnaire. Dietary phylloquinone and menaquinone intake was calculated using the USDA database and previous published Abstracts Ann Nutr Metab 2013;63(suppl 1):1– 1960 921 data, respectively. All-cause mortality was verified by medical records and consultation of National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to assess the relative risk of all-cause mortality.[Results]: At baseline, energy-adjusted dietary phylloquinone intake was associated with a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality after controlling for potential confounders (HR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.96). No significant associations were found between quartiles of energy adjusted dietary menaquinones intake and risk of all-cause mortality. In a longitudinal manner, subjects who increase their consumption of vitamin K, phylloquinone or menaquinone, had a lower risk of allcause mortality (HR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.74 and HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.78, respectively) compared with subjects who decrease their consumption.[Conclusions]: The results showed that an increase of dietary intake of vitamin K is related with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk

Association Between Classic Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Mortality in the Predimed Trial

Trabajo presentado en World Forum for Nutrition Research Conference, celebrado en Reus (España) del 20 al 21 de mayo de 2013

Novel association of the obesity risk-allele near Fas Apoptotic Inhibitory Molecule 2 (FAIM2) gene with heart rate and study of its effects on myocardial infarction in diabetic participants of the PREDIMED trial

BACKGROUND: The Fas apoptotic pathway has been implicated in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although a polymorphism (rs7138803; G > A) near the Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) locus has been related to obesity, its association with other cardiovascular risk factors and disease remains uncertain. METHODS: We analyzed the association between the FAIM2-rs7138803 polymorphism and obesity, blood pressure and heart rate in 7,161 participants (48.3% with type 2 diabetes) in the PREDIMED study at baseline. We also explored gene-diet interactions with adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and examined the effects of the polymorphism on cardiovascular disease incidence per diabetes status after a median 4.8-year dietary intervention (MedDiet versus control group) follow-up. RESULTS: We replicated the association between the FAIM2-rs7138803 polymorphism and greater obesity risk (OR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.16; P = 0.011; per-A allele). Moreover, we detected novel associations of this polymorphism with higher diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate at baseline (B = 1.07; 95% CI: 0.97-1.28 bmp in AA vs G-carriers for the whole population), that remained statistically significant even after adjustment for body mass index (P = 0.012) and correction for multiple comparisons. This association was greater and statistically significant in type-2 diabetic subjects (B = 1.44: 95% CI: 0.23-2.56 bmp; P = 0.010 for AA versus G-carriers). Likewise, these findings were also observed longitudinally over 5-year follow-up. Nevertheless, we found no statistically significant gene-diet interactions with MedDiet for this trait. On analyzing myocardial infarction risk, we detected a nominally significant (P = 0.041) association in type-2 diabetic subjects (HR: 1.86; 95% CI:1.03-3.37 for AA versus G-carriers), although this association did not remain statistically significant following correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed the FAIM2-rs7138803 relationship with obesity and identified novel and consistent associations with heart rate in particular in type 2 diabetic subjects. Furthermore, our results suggest a possible association of this polymorphism with higher myocardial infarction risk in type-2 diabetic subjects, although this result needs to be replicated as it could represent a false positive

Effect of mediterranean-diet on metabolic syndrome status in the predimed study

Trabajo presentado en el X lntemational Conference Mediterranean Diet, celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 02 al 03 de abril de 2014